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Bashkir

Altaic family · Turkic branch · Eurasia

On Presence of Uncommon Consonants, all 15 other Altaic languages coded have the value “None”; Bashkir has “'Th' sounds”.

On Front Rounded Vowels, WALS codes Bashkir as “High and mid”, a value held by 23 of the 562 languages coded, Turkish and Chuvash among them.

Bashkir: order of head and dependent in 9 constructions← beforeafter →verbsubject80%13%Order of Subject and Verb: Subject precedes verb (SV). Of 1,496 languages coded, 1,192 put the subject before the verb and 194 after it.verbobject47%46%Order of Object and Verb: Object precedes verb (OV). Of 1,518 languages coded, 712 put the object before the verb and 705 after it.adpositionnoun phrase49%43%Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase: Postpositions. Of 1,184 languages coded, 577 put the noun phrase before the adposition and 511 after it.noungenitive55%37%Order of Genitive and Noun: Genitive-noun (GenN). Of 1,249 languages coded, 685 put the genitive before the noun and 468 after it.nounadjective27%64%Order of Adjective and Noun: Modifying adjective precedes noun (AdjN). Of 1,367 languages coded, 373 put the adjective before the noun and 879 after it.noundemonstrative45%48%Order of Demonstrative and Noun: Demonstrative word precedes noun (DemN). Of 1,225 languages coded, 551 put the demonstrative before the noun and 590 after it.nounnumeral42%53%Order of Numeral and Noun: Numeral precedes noun (NumN). Of 1,154 languages coded, 479 put the numeral before the noun and 608 after it.nounrelative clause17%70%Order of Relative Clause and Noun: Relative clause precedes noun (RelN). Of 824 languages coded, 141 put the relative clause before the noun and 579 after it.adjectivedegree word47%40%Order of Degree Word and Adjective: Degree word precedes adjective (DegAdj). Of 481 languages coded, 227 put the degree word before the adjective and 192 after it.
The order Bashkir uses in 9 pairings of a head word and its dependent. Bars: how all languages coded for each pairing split, before or after.

Contrast Bashkir with Chuvash or with any other language

Uncommon values

Values that fewer than one in ten of the coded languages share with Bashkir, rarest first.

Inside the Altaic family

Bashkir matches the most frequent Altaic value on 41 of the 48 features where at least three other members of the family are coded (85%). Among the 15 Altaic languages profiled here, that rate ranks fourth from the top.

Where Bashkir breaks with a clear majority of its relatives
FeatureBashkirMost relatives
Consonant InventoriesModerately largeAverage (7 of 7, Turkic branch)

Closest profiles

Languages that share the most coded values with Bashkir; the count is out of the features both languages are coded for.

The rest of the profile

WALS codes Bashkir for 48 of the 144 profile features used on this site. The remaining 44 are listed here, grouped by topic; within each group the value Bashkir shares with the fewest languages comes first.

Sounds 14

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
Fixed Stress LocationsUltimate: stress is on the ultimate (last) syllable51 of 502
The Velar NasalVelar nasal, but not initially87 of 469
Voicing in Plosives and FricativesVoicing contrast in both plosives and fricatives158 of 567
Rhythm TypesAbsent: no rhythmic stress98 of 323
Syllable StructureComplex syllable structure151 of 486
Vowel Quality InventoriesLarge vowel inventory (7-14)184 of 564
Consonant-Vowel RatioAverage234 of 564
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems/p t k b d g/255 of 567
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress SystemsNo weight, or weight factor unknown261 of 500
Weight-Sensitive StressFixed stress (no weight-sensitivity)281 of 500
ToneNo tones307 of 527
Lateral Consonants/l/, no obstruent laterals388 of 567
Glottalized ConsonantsNo glottalized consonants409 of 567
Absence of Common ConsonantsAll present503 of 567

Word structure 1

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional MorphologyPredominantly suffixing406 of 969

Nouns and pronouns 10

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
Distributive NumeralsMarked by suffix32 of 251
Ordinal NumeralsOne-th, two-th, three-th41 of 321
Conjunctions and Universal QuantifiersFormally similar, not involving interrogative expression33 of 116
Definite ArticlesNeither definite nor indefinite article198 of 620
Indefinite ArticlesNeither indefinite nor definite198 of 534
Position of Pronominal Possessive AffixesPossessive suffixes355 of 902
Position of Case AffixesCase suffixes452 of 1,031
The Associative PluralAssociative plural marker also used for additive plurals104 of 236
Coding of Nominal PluralityPlural suffix513 of 1,066
Indefinite PronounsInterrogative-based indefinites194 of 326

Verbs: tense, mood, evidence 5

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
The ProhibitiveNormal imperative + normal negative113 of 496
Imperative-Hortative SystemsThe language has a maximal system, but not a minimal one133 of 375
The Morphological ImperativeSecond singular and second plural292 of 548
Position of Tense-Aspect AffixesTense-aspect suffixes667 of 1,131
The OptativeInflectional optative absent271 of 319

Word order 10

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
Order of Relative Clause and NounRelative clause precedes noun (RelN)141 of 824
Order of Adjective and NounModifying adjective precedes noun (AdjN)373 of 1,367
Order of Numeral and NounNumeral precedes noun (NumN)479 of 1,154
Order of Demonstrative and NounDemonstrative word precedes noun (DemN)542 of 1,225
Order of Object and VerbObject precedes verb (OV)712 of 1,518
Order of Degree Word and AdjectiveDegree word precedes adjective (DegAdj)227 of 481
Order of Adposition and Noun PhrasePostpositions577 of 1,184
Order of Genitive and NounGenitive-noun (GenN)685 of 1,249
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and ClauseInitial subordinator word398 of 659
Order of Subject and VerbSubject precedes verb (SV)1,192 of 1,496

Simple clauses 3

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
Negative MorphemesNegative affix395 of 1,157
Polar QuestionsQuestion particle585 of 955
Expression of Pronominal SubjectsPronominal subjects are expressed by affixes on verbs437 of 711

Vocabulary 1

FeatureValueLanguages sharing it
TeaWords derived from Sinitic cha110 of 230